Special symbols can help you to refine your searches. These strategies work in library databases, but also in search engines like Google, Duck Duck Go, and Bing.
Operators |
Examples
|
“ ” |
“tax accountant” “actuarial consultant” |
* Use an asterisk sign to replace anything that comes after the letter immediately before it; this is called truncation |
econom* This will find articles that contain any of the following words: economy, economies, economical, economist, econometrics, etc. |
AND
Use AND to limit results to articles that contain two terms |
software AND engineer “customer service” AND hospitality |
OR Use OR to broaden your search |
health actuary OR retirement actuary |
( )
Use parentheses to do a complex search |
Manager AND (Employee relations OR human resources)
This strategy will find both human resources managers and employee relations managers. |
- Use the hyphen to exclude a term from the search |
Marketing-Sales
This limits results to only those with Marketing and excludes those with the term Sales.) |
-site: Use this strategy to exclude a website from the search results |
Human resources -site:wikipedia.org This limits results to sources other than Wikipedia. |
~ Use the tilde to find your search term and its synonyms |
~procurement This strategy searches for the term procurement and its synonyms. |
Related:
Put related: in front of a web address you already know to find articles from similar websites |
Related:nytimes.com
This searches websites similar to the one in the search. |
Try using a combination of the search strategies in the table above when searching within a database. For example: